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NOTES
ON THE
PARISH OF HAREFIELD,
IN THE COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX.
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i
NOTES
ON THE
PARISH OF HAREFIELD,
COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX.
COLLECTED AND ARRANGED
BY
WILLIAM FREDERICK VERNON,
OF HAREFIELD PARK.
FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY.
ion&on :
DALTON AND LUCY, BOOKSELLERS TO THE QUEEN
AND TO H. R. H. THE PRINCE OF WALES,
28, COCKSPUR STREET, CHARING CROSS.
MDCCCLXXIL
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CONTENTS.
PAGE.
NEWDEGATE PEDIGREE.
HAREFIELD PARISH— Acreage, Soil, Gulch Well, Water Level
of Wells, Rare Plants, Chalk Quarry, Mills, mentioned in
Domesday Book, converted into Copper Mills in 1802, then in
1870 into Paper Mills 1-3
MANOR OF HAREFIELD described in Domesday, Deed of
Prior Alexander and the Convent of Hurley granting their
Manor and Lands in Harefield and Rykemesworth to Richard
Weltekart de Luda ; the Seal of the Convent attached. Sir
Richard Bach worth grants the Manor of Harefield to Simon de
Swanland, through whom it came to William Newdigate in
1445. Roger Mortimer having inherited the " Honour of
Clare," styles himself Lord of the Manor in 1390. Castle of
Clare, Gold Cross and chain found there in 1866 . . . 4-7
JOHN NEWDIGATE, Lord of the Manor 1585 exchanged it for
Arbury in Warwickshire, with Sir Edmund Anderson, who in
1601 sells Harefield to Alice Countess of Derby, who the year .
before had married Sir Thomas Egerton. Lord Campbell
remarks upon the Lord-Keeper who died 1617. Lady Anne
Stanley marries Grey Lord Chandos, and after his death,
marries Lord Castlehaven, who was beheaded 1631. George
Lord Chandos inherits Harefield, declines the Earldom of
Newbury offered him by Charles II., kills Colonel Henry
Compton in a Duel, found guilty of Manslaughter, dies without
issue maty 1655. Manor and Lands at Harefield left to his
wife who, in 1657, married George Pitt of Strathfieldsay.
Sir Richard Newdigate of Arbury purchased the Manor and
Estate of Harefield from George Pitt. Dr. John Conant
domestic Chaplain to Lord Chandos 7-9
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VI. CONTENTS.
PAGE.
IIAREFIELD PLACE, inhabited by Alice Countess Dowager of
Derby and the Lord Keeper Egerton. Sir Thomas Egerton's
letter to Lady Derby about settlements. Verses upon Lady
Derby's Marriage, by Harrington .9-11
QUEEN ELIZABETH visits Harefield; Table of Provisions and
other ezpences occasioned by the Queen's visit. Sir Thomas
Lucy sends a Buck. Othello first performed at Harefield
Place— Complimentary Address to the Queen , . .12-20
LADY DERBY'S death, 1637. Bequest to Alms Houses, and to
the Incumbent of the Parish. Alteration of the above bequest
by Sir Richard Newdigate in 1674 21
SIR ROGER NEWDIGATE in 1752 sells a portion of his Estate
to George Cooke, Esq. Some account of Sir Roger ; he sells
Harefield old House and the Land immediately around it to
John Truesdale, Esq. in 1780. In 1786, Sir Roger Newdigate
built Harefield Lodge, and died without issue I 806. Sir Roger
Newdigate's donation to Oxford. Founds the Newdegate prize 22 - 25
MANOR OF MOOR HALL was given to the Knights Hospi-
tallers. The site of the old Preceptory now occupied by a
Farm House. The Manor granted by Henry VIII. to Thomas
. Tyrwhit and conveyed by him (1543) to John Newdigate.
Brakenburg now a Farm House 26
BREAKSPEAR Estate* Pope Adrian the fourth. ASHBY family
Pedigree. Partridge family and 27
HAREFIELD PARK, History of COOKE FAMILY— Chief
prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas for three genera-
tions. Fine Statue, by Rysbrack, of the first Sir George
Cooke; Inscription on pedestal. Pictures at Harefield . • 28-31
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CONTENTS. Vll.
PAGE.
HAREFIELD GROVE, notice of. Harefield House. Mr. Justice
Byles. Lady Egremont and Count Bruhl . . • . 32 • 33
PARISH CHURCH, notice of Brackenburg Chapel. Breakspear
Chapel, Pews, Vicarage House 35
TITHES, History of, Value when commuted and Commissioners'
award. Price of Grain at the time 36-37
MONUMENTS IN THE CHURCH. Sergeant Newdigate con-
sents to be made a Judge. Anecdotes of. Created a Bart,
by Charles II. 38-43
POPULATION. Average of Births, Marriages, and Deaths . 44
Extracts from the Registers. Burial in Linnen. Penalty paid. Pope's
allusion to it 45-49
Incumbents or Curates of Harefield ...... 50
Inclosure of Waste Land and Infranchisement of Copyholds . • 51-52
HAREFIELD SCHOOL with TRUST DEED. Small number
of Rate-payers who support it. INFANT SCHOOL how
managed . . • . , 52-27
BENEFACTIONS to the Poor 58
Ordnance Survey of the Parish twenty-five inches to the mile.
Number of acres described. How divided. Number of Build-
ings. Population according to Census. Rating of Parish to
Poor Rate 59-61
Table of average Temperature, winter and summer for ten years,
with average fall of rain 62
COOKE PEDIGREE.
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HAREFIELD.
IN the survey of Domesday the name of this Parish is written
Herefelle ; in other ancient records Harvil, Harfeld, Herefelde.
The parish of Harefield lies in the Hundred of Elthorne, and
forms the north-west angle of the County of Middlesex, being bound-
ed on the north by Rickmansworth, in Hertfordshire ; on the west
by the River Colne, which separates it from Denham in Bucking-
hamshire ; on the south by Hillingdon, and on the east by Ickenham
and Rislip. The Village is situated on rising ground, about 290 feet
above the level of the sea, four miles from Uxbridge, three from
Rickmansworth, and nineteen from London.
The Parish of Harefield, with a population of 1579, contains
4,620" 3 r 7*, of which 3,087* r 28* are Pasture and Meadow, 948 a
are Arable, 349 a are wood, 85* Sites for Houses, Cottages, Gardens,
etc., 75* Water, and 73* 2 r 19* Public Roads and Paths.
By a survey taken in 1592, it was found that there were 518
acres of Heath, Moot, and Waste, of which Harefield Moore apd
Cowmoor together, contained 355*. The Grand Junction Canal now
passes through these Moors from north to south.
The soil to the south and east of the Parish is a strong clay,
(the London clay) favourable to the growth of elm ; towards the
north and west we come upon the Woolwich beds, and quite at the
north west the chalk crops out.
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2
The water is mostly from surface-springs ; there are, however,
one or two deep wells. One at Breakspear, the water of which rises
from the second bed of flints in the chalk. There formerly existed
a very famous spring called Gulch Well, rising from a vein of
chalk near the Colne. It was once proposed to bring this water to
London, but the Grand Junction Canal was carried over it
and the name of the spring is now almost forgotten. A line drawn
from the River Colne at Watford, 170 feet above high water mark,
and continued at an inclination of 13 feet in the mile, cuts the Water
Level of all the Wells in the district, till Kilburn occurs where there is
a depression.
North of the Colne an inclined line rising from Watford, 200 feet
in 14 miles, cuts the Water Level of the Wells dug in the chalk.
In the year 1737, Mr. Blackstone published an account of
indigenous plants growing in this Parish, under the title of " Fasci-
culus plantarum circa Harefield nascentium." Among the more
rare are — Dentaria bulbifera, Lathrcea squamaria, Aquilegia Vulgaris
Cardamine Amara, Fritillaria Meleagris, Ophrys Muscifera, Ophrys
Apifera, Saxifraga granulata, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia
Campanula hybrida, Utricularia Minor, Adoxa Moschatellina.
Some few fossils are found in the chalk pits near the Biver,
The lime from this chalk is of the very best quality, it was used at
Windsor Castle when the great alterations were made there by George
IV. The chalk rises abruptly about 100 feet on the east side of
the Colne river, and north of the Harefield Mills. These Mills are
mentioned in Domesday book as then existing. In a deed of 1370,
a Fulling Mill is mentioned as belonging to Sir Simon de Swaziland,
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and another deed of the date of 1518 speaks of Cripses Foiling Mill.
In a deed of 1737, John Newdigate lets to William Henman "the
Paper Mill and the Corn Mill " on the River Colne, and in 1752
Sir George Cooke purchased these Mills with other property from
Sir Roger Newdigate. In 1781 George John Cooke, Esq., let to the
Governors Assistants and Societies of the Mines Royal, " all those
Mills, late Paper Mills, and Corn Mills being by the waterside at
Harefield, and also a newly erected house standing near the said
Mills, etc "
The Mines Royal Company converted these Paper Mills into
Copper Mills in 1802, and a new lease was granted, (the Canal having
been made) they were then much enlarged under the direction of
Robert George Spedding, Esq.
The Copper for these Mills was brought from the smelting works
in Glamorganshire, and here converted into sheets, bottoms, bolts,
and bars* When in full work they manufactured about 30 tons a
week. It is said that the copper ball of St. Paul's was made at these
works.
In 1863 the Mines Royal ceased working ; from that time the
Mills were left in a most neglected state, the speculator who took
them on the recommendation of the Mines Royal Company having
become a bankrupt. In September 1870, Mr. Thomas Newell, from
Paris, took them, and has again converted them into Paper Mills, for
the manufacture of Envelopes. (In Domesday Book, wherever a Mill
is mentioned, we generally find it still subsisting. They belonged to
the Lords of the Manor, and the Tenant was permitted to grind his
corn at the Lords Mill.)
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The Mahob of Harefield is thus described in Domesday book—*
" Richard, son of Gilbert the Earl (of Briou), holds Herefelle, which
" is taxed at five hides. The land is five carucates. Two hides are
41 in demesne, on which there are two ploughs. The ViUans have
" three ploughs. The Priest has one virgate ; there are five ViUans
" who hold a virgate each ; and other five have each half a virgate ;
" Seven bordars who have five acres each, and one bordar who has
" three acres ; there are three cottars and three slaves, two Mills
" yielding 15s. rent, four fisheries yielding 1000 eels, meadow equal
" to one carncate, pasture for 1000 cattle, and pannage for 1200 hogs.
" The total annual value is £12, it was only <£8 when entered upon
" by the present owner ; in King Edward's (the Confessor) time (being
" then the property of the Countess Goda) it was £14."
[The Hyde was the measure of Land in the Confessor's reign,
the carucate that of the Conqueror's new standard. The carucate is a
ploughland, viz. : as much arable as could be managed with one
plough, and the beasts belonging thereto in one year; having
meadow, pasture, and houses for the householders and cattle belong-
ing to it. The measure of the carucate was various, sometimes
estimated at 60 acres, and sometimes as much as 180, according to
tillage. The Hyde was sometimes 4, sometimes 8 virgates of 20
acres each.]
It appears by a quo warranto (a writ which lies against him who
holds a court Baron or court Leet without Title) which bears date
1284, that Soger de Bacheworth was then Lord of the Manor of
Harefield, and that he and his ancestors had enjoyed it with all its
rights and privileges, from time immemorial. Amongst the evidences
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pertaining to the Harefield Park Estate, is a deed indorsed Knights
Cortes, whereby Prior Alexander and the Convent of Hurley granted
their Manor in Harefield with all their lands in Harefield and
Rykemesworth to Richard Weltekart of Louth (de Luda), Thpmas
his son, and Florence the wife of the same Thomas, to hold to them,
and the heirs of Thomas of the chief Lords of the fee for ever,
paying 100 marks for the same. In witness whereof, etc., etc., etc.,
Bicardo de Bachesworth, Roger de Bachesworth, Thomas de Saunford,
John de Schorne, Roberto de Ascheleye, Simon de Bushlep, Johan
Haket, Will mo - Ravenyng, Stephno Aleyn.
The common seal of the convent is attached to this deed and is
in very fine preservation. (It is engraved in the Journal of the
Archceblogical Institute, vol 8, p. 54).
There is no date to this deed, but 31, Edw. I. (1306) Alex-
ander de Newport was Prior of the Benedictine Priory of St. Mary of
Hurley, Berks, which was founded in the reign of the Conqueror, by
Geoffirey de Magna- Villa. The Priory was a cell to the Abbey of
Westminster, and at the dissolution of Religious Houses by Henry
VIII. was valued at £134 10s. 8Jd.
Sir Richard de Bacheworth, in the year 1315, granted this
Manor of Harefield to Simon de Swanland, who married the daughter
and co-heir of his brother Roger. This Sir Richard afterward took
upon him the habit of the Knights Hospitallers, and his wife Mar-
garet, who had dower assigned her in Harefield, took the veil.
William, Son of Sir Simon de Swanland, had three Sons, two of
whom died in infancy, and the third, William Jun., left no issue.
Joanna, the only daughter, married John Newdegate, who was after-
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wards knighted and a fleur-de-lis was given to him as a crest for his
services during the wars of Edward III, against France. William de
Swanland, the elder, died in 1395, when his only surviving Son
William became Lord of Harefield, and as before stated, died without
issue, leaving the Lordship of the Manor of Harefield to his widow
Dyonisia for life, and after her death, 23 Henry VI, 1444-5, the
Manor passed to William Newdegate, the grandson of John Newdegate
and Joanna de Swanland. (see Becords of the Honour of Clare.)
In 1317, Sir Simon de Swanland had a charter of Free-Warren.
(Cart*. 10 Edwd. II. No. 36.) Confirmations of Free- Warren in
this Manor were granted by Cart. 1 Edwd. III. No. 74, and Pat.
17, Eich. XI., pr. 2. No. 42.
Roger Mortimer, fourth Earl of Marsh, who was killed in Ireland,
1398, and who inherited the "Honour of Clare" by his grandmother
Elizabeth (daughter and heir of William de Burgh, Son and heir of John
de Burgh by Elizabeth, third daughter of Gilbert de Clare, seventh
Earl of Hertford and third Earl of Gloucester) in a deed by which he
obtained exemption from toll, pontage, etc., all over the Kingdom for
the tenants of the Manor of Harefield, styled himself Lord of the
Manor, but the fall possession of the Manor, with all its rights and
privileges, was then vested in the Swanlands, they paying to him as
Lord Paramount, by reason of his possessing the " Honour of Clare "
a quit rent of £18 8d. and an additional payment of 3s. 4d. for being
released from suit at the Court of the Honour. This quit rent was
paid to the Crown (in which the " Honour of Clare," as parcel of the
Duchy of Lancaster had long been vested) till 1790 ; when by virtue
of an Act of Parliament passed 26 Geo. III. Sir Roger Newdigate
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obtained a release and disfranchisement tinder the Great Seal of the
Duchy. (When several Manors were held under one great Baron,
His Seigniory over them was termed an " Honour " of which
Stephens in his commentaries says there were 80 in England.)-
The CASTLE of CLARE continued vested in the crown until
it was granted by Edward VI. to Sir John Cheke. I cannot ascertain
when it was destroyed, but nothing now remains of it but some con-
siderable embankment and a conical mound, which was partly cut
down in 1866 in making a station on the Cambridge and Colchester
branch of the Great Eastern Railway, at which time a very remark-
able Gold Cross was found, appended to a gold chain of corded links
about two feet long. It is now in possession of Her Majesty the Queen,
who graciously permitted it to be. exhibited at the monthly meeting
of the Royal Archaeological Institute on the 6th Dec. 1867, and of
which there is a very interesting account by Mr. Albert Way in their
quarterly Journal, No. 97. The site of Clare Castle is now owned by
the Rev. Stephen Jenner.
The Manor of Harefield continued in the Newdigate family until
1585, when John Newdigate, Esq.^the seventh in descent from Sir
John, who married Joanna Swanland,) exchanged the Manor and
Lands of Harefield (with the exception of Brackenb^rys Farm) with
Sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas, for the
Manor and Lands of Arbury in Warwickshire, where Sir Edmond
had recently erected a quadrangular stone mansion upon the site of
the dissolved Priory of Erdbury, a Priory of Black Canons, valued at
the dissolution at £122 8s. 6d. Sir Edmund Anderson in 1601, sold
Harefield to Alice Countess Dowager of Derby, who in October, 1600
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8
had married Sir Thomas Egerton, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.
He was the natural Son of Sir Balph Egerton, of Cheshire, and born
at Duddleston in 1540. Lord Campbell in his lives of the Chancellors
says of him — " It is refreshing now to have to contemplate the life of
a man remarkable alike for talent, learning and probity, who raised
himself from obscurity by his own exertions, and who reached the
highest honours without affixing any stain on his character, and with
merit so acknowledged that he did not even excite the eninity of rivals."
In 1581, Egerton became Solicitor General, and in this capacity
framed the indictment against Mary Queen of Scots. The Manor
and Land of Harefield were settled upon Lady Derby for life, and
after her death upon Lady Anne, Lady Francis, and Lady Elizabeth
Stanley her daughters in succession. The Lord Keeper died 1617,
being then Baron Ellesmere and Viscount Brackley. The Countess
of Derby died 1637. Lady Anne Stanley, the eldest daughter,
married Grey Lord Chandos, who died 1621, she then married (1624)
Mervin, Earl of Castlehaven, who was beheaded in 1631. She died
1647, when George Lord Chandos (her eldest son by her first hus-
band) inherited the Manor of Harefield in accordance with the deed
of 1601. This was the famous George Bruges, 6th Baron Chandos,
who distinguished himself during the civil war, and especially at the
Battle of Newbury where he had three horses killed under him. For
his great valour in this battle, King Charles offered him the Earldom
of Newbury, which he modestly declined until it pleased God to
restore his Majesty: this he did not live to see. He was twice
married, first to Susan, daughter of Henry Earl of Manchester, who
died l/52 leaving two daughters, and secondly to Jane, daughter of
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John Savage Earl Kivers, by whom he had three daughters. In the
year 1652 Lord Chandos had a difference with Colonel Henry Comp-
ton, grandson of Henry Lord Compton, which unhappily ended in a
duel at Putney Heath on the 13th May, when Colonel Compton fell.
His Lordship, and his second, Lord Arundel of Wardour, having
been imprisoned more than a year, were at length arrainged in the
upper bench, 17th May, 1654, and found guilty of manslaughter.
He then returned to Harefield where he lived in retirement. The
excellent Dr. John Conant being his domestic Chaplain. He died of
Small Pox in February, 1655 without issue Male ; aged 35 ; and was
buried at Sudeley, leaving all his Manor and Lands at Harefield to
his wife Jane, who the same year married Sir Willim Sedley, Bart.,
and he dying the year afterwards she contracted a third marriage in
5" I 16$7, with George Pitt of Strathfieldsay, In 1673 she made over all
her estates to her husband and his heirs, and in February, 1674,
George Pitt sold Harefield Place together with the Manor of Harefield
and Moorhall to Sir Eichard Newdigate of Arbury, the first Bart.
So that after only ninety years alienation, the Harefield estate and
Manor again became the property of the Newdigates, The before
mentioned Dr. John Conant was born 18th Oct., 1608, he was dis-
tinguished for his piety, leading an exemplary life. In December,
1654, he was admitted Divinity professor at Oxford, and in 1657
became Vice-Chancellor ; he died 12th March, 1692, aged 86.
Harefield Place, situated to the south of the Church, was the
ancient Mansion of the Lords of the Manor. In was first inhabited
by the Newdigates, then by the Lord Chief-Justice Anderson, and
afterwards by the Lord Keeper Egerton, and upon his death by his
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widow Alice Countess of Derby, who was the youngest daughter of
Sir John Spencer, of Althorpe, who died 1586, (ancestor of the Duke
of Marlborough and Earl Spencer), by Catherine, daughter of Sir
Thomas Kitson, of Hengrave, Suffolk. Her first husband was
Ferdinando, fifth Earl of Derby, who is stated to have been poisoned
by the Jesuits in 1594, because he indignantly refused to assume the
Title of King of England in right of his Grandmother Alianore,
daughter and Co-Heir of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and
Mary Dowager Queen of Prance — the sister of King Henry VIII.
She married her second husband, Sir Thomas Egerton, October, 1600.
The following is a Copy of a letter from Sir Thomas Egerton to
Lady Derby, which is preserved amongst the Newdigate papers in the
muniment room at Arbury —
" To make true declaration to my most honorable Lady the Countess
Dowager of Derby, that I desire not hers but herself, for her virtues and worth ;
I am contented that she dispose, at her good pleasure, all that I may be inter-
ested in by her marriage, if God so bless it as I desire, so as myself, I, nor any
by me, may anywise prejudice or hinder any person to whom she shall assign or
appoint the same after her death — which I pray to God that I never live to see,
and when, where my weak Estate be not sufficient to assure unto her such a
jointure as she deserves and I desire ; my most humble and earnest suite is,
that she accept for her jointure all the Manors and Lands in the Counties of
Salope and Chester which I purchased of Mr. Edward Talbot, Esq., and all
those other Manors and Land in the County of Salope which were late parcel
of the possessions of her most noble and worthy husband the Earl of Derby,
and which I have lately purchased. All the Lands which were the said Earl's
of Derby, I will assure to Her and the Heirs male of our body ; all the rest of
my land I will also assure' to the Heirs male of my body, I will always desire
to add such increase to that I shall appoint to her, as God shall enable me.
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And will ever think all too little for so Honorable Virtuous and worthy a
Lady."
Thomas Egerton.
Sir Kowland Whyte writing to Sir Kobert Sidney, 24th October,
1600, says—
" Upon Tuesday Morning my Lord Keeper married the Countess Dowager
of Darby, which is made known to the Queen, but how she takes it I do not
heare. It is given out that his soune, Mr. John Egerton, shall marry her second
daughter, and that the young Lord Hastings shall marry her third daughter."
(Sidney papers, vol. ii, p. 219.) Both these marriages took place.
It was on the occasion of Lady Derby's marriage with the Lord
Keeper that Harrington wrote the following lines —
€t This noble Countess lived many years,
" With Derby, one of England's greatest peers,
€t Fruitful and f aire, and of so clear a name,
" That all this region marvell'd at her fame.
" But this brave Peer -eoctinct by hasten 9 d fate,
" She lived, Ah ! too, too long, in widow's state;
" And in that state took such sweet state upon her,
€S All eowes, eyes, tongues, heard, saw, and spoke her honour''
There is a very rare engraved portrait of this Countess. There
is no engraver's name. The Marquis of Bute is said to possess one.
The Queen could not have been offended at their marriage, or
she must have forgiven it very soon, for on the 31st July, 1602, she
paid the Lord Keeper and Lady Derby a visit at Harefield Place, and
remained two nights. Who were the persons who accompanied Her
Majesty, I have not been able to ascertain ; but the following extract
from the Egerton papers (published by the Camden Society) will give
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some idea of the vast preparations considered necessary for the
Queen's reception —
It is first mentioned that two hundred pounds were expended in
preparing ovens, ranges, tents, etc., then come the following accounts.
31st July, 1st and 2nd August, 1602. The Queen's Majesty
being at Harefield two nights.
A Brief of things that were bought at Harefield by myself and
Mr. Cooper, and other layings out as per bill appeareth —
•• • •• •
" Wheate bought of sondrey persons at sondrey
prices, 22 quarterns..
(Average 4s. 5d. a Bushel.)
" Bic for pasterie 1 quarter 5 buz
Wheat of my ladies' store 28 quarters at 4s. the
Bushel which my lady will give my lord ;
worth £44 16s. Od.
In wheate for Fyne Manchett, and coarse
wheate from the Queen's Baker
In wheate from Dr. Singleton, 42 qrs., worth
£6 8s. Od.
Bewardes for presentes
Carages, per bill
Laborers
Extraordinary payments ,
Charcoles
In Butter
In Eggs
v?oose Deris ... ... ... ... ... ...
Chickens, 52 dozen, sondrie prices
(average 4J each.)
Pigeons, tame and wild, 8 dozen ...
v eaies, «<£.*• •«. . .. ... ••• ...
\jieese, ^ ... ... ••• ••• ... •••
Bebotts, from my ladies warren, 79 couple at
# 12d. a couple ...
... ...
... ... ...
... ...
... ...
... . • •
... ...
£ $. d.
38 12 4
1 10
48 6
10
11 10
6
9 3
4
31 16
1
10 6
33 16
8
4 8
6
5
11 13
2
1 5
14 19
8
2
... •••
3 18 8
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• • • • • •
Duckings 23
Pigges 20
Copons 11
Pullettes 85
Partridges 38
Trouts 10
Lobsters 23
Plovers 6
Creafishe, per dozen
Calves* feate, 16 pair
Sope 21b., carage of plumbes ...
» « . • f •
£
f.
d.
.
8
2
. 2
2
6
! 19 11
. 2
6
.
11
6
.
16
.
2
.
2
6
4
1
7
Som totall of all these sommes
2 5
Delivered to Thos. Sley, of Harefield for
work done. * 154
Remain in handes 16 7 7
Rec. of my Lord ... £200 [ /.^nn
Rec. of Mr. Manwaringe £200 J ** w
Rec. from my Lord in all £2013 18 4
This subsequent account by Sir Arthur Mainwaringe was prepared
18 days after the Queen had taken her departure.
He had received £553 6s. Od. and had disbursed the whole
excepting £54 17s. Id., for which he debits himself.
" Indorsed Mainwaringe accompt alone for disbursements about
Harefield.
1602.
30 July, 1602, Receyved of your Lop at ^
Yorke House £500 Od.
3 Aug., 1602, Receyved fo your Lop at
Harefield •• £53 6d.
553
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Whereof disbursed by your Lops apoyntment as by bills
and my books, more particularly apeareth.
8 August, Delivered to Mr. Steward at Harefield 200
£ 8. d.
Rewardes to several officers in Her Majesty's
house, and to particular persons there
• •• ••• ••• ••• . » • ••• ••• ••• ••• OO XJU ^E
6 August, 1602, Rewardes to the Vaulters,
players, and dancers, Of this £10 to 64 18 10
* Burbidge8 players of Othello.
Bewarde to Mr. Lilly's man which brought
the lotterye box to Harefield; per
Mr. Leigh 10
Rewardes to Tent keepers 2
10 August, 1602, Payde to Mercers, the
imbroderers, silkmen, and the Queen's I ggQ g g
taylor ... ••♦ ••• •■• •■■ *•• ••• 70 ID
Payde to the Goldsmith for the Anchor,
and other matters 8
Payde the Goldsmith for Badges 29 3
Payde to the lynnen draper for brown
canvas, part of which was not used ... 16 5
Payde to the London Butler for hyre of
damask, dyaper, and knives 15 7
Payde for the caryage of Turkye Carpets
from Harefield to Mr. Garwayes* house 5
Rewardes to Mr. Garywaye's men for
removing the same 10
* The first company of players that received the sanction of a Patent was that of James
Burbidge, and others, (servants of the Earl of Leicester,) from Queen Elizabeth in 1574, and in
May 1603. When James I. came to the Crown, a privy seal was granted by the King to his servants,
Lawrence Fletcher, William Skakespear, Richard Burbidge, and others, to act, and exercise the art
and faculty of playing comedies,t ragedies, histories, interludes, morals, pastorals, stage plays, etc.
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So remayneth d/ue to your Lop in my handed upon
this accompt this 20 August, 1602, the somme of
20 August, 1602, Payed by me more for lotterie
Ghriftes, being payed to Mr. Steward
72 19 10
18 2 9
So remayneth due to you Lop this 20 August £54 17 1
ARTH. MAYNWARINGE.
COWLEY'S ACCOUNT.
11 Received of your Lordship at towe several tymesby Mr, Steward,
u Mr. Mainwaringe, and myself, the somme of one thousand, towe
" hundred, and three score pounds, twelve shillings, four pence.
••• ••• ••• •••
5
£ 9.
u Payde out of the foresayde stunme as shall appear
by bill • ••• •• 1255 12
"So remayneth due to your Lordshippe of the
foresaide sum •• ••• ••»
Cowlbt.
" Money dysbursed upon several occasions
against Her Majesties cumminge to Harefield,
1602.
" Mr. Williamson for sacke and wine vinegar
" Mr. Swinerton for Gascon wine
" Mr. S. State, for Reanishe wine
" Mr. Campyon, for beare
" Robt. John's for bottell ale
d.
... ••• •••
... 51 10
... 147
... SO
... 84
8 1
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" Walter Larke, for provision of beefe, mutton,
lamb, and white 177 15
€t Gylbert Wright, for provisions of poultry and
fowle 150
ft Mr, Colles, the grocer 79 3
" Abraham Viell, for oylle, etc. 7
" Mr, Hoare, for greene frutes 110
" Mr. Harte, Earbe man 14
" Collins Wardes, for workmen, horsehyer, and
his owne labour with his man and kytchen
necessarys which he brought with him ... 24 16
" More to him for other provisions ... 25 9
" Mr. Walker the Confectioner 127 10
" Mr. Farrington, for livories 1 23
" Mr. Weston, for green cloth for carpett 10 16
" Mr. Steward the Potter ... 5 10
" Wax Chandler, cotton and sope 16 10
" Colliare the pewterer, for hire and loss of vessels 21 4
" To White for double boordes and poultes ... 4 2
" Mr, Shewmaker the tallow chandler 6 6
" For the Carryage of the Beare and the dealle
bourds with pouttes to Brayneford by water 8 2
" Jerry Weston and his men attending to the
beere and wine... ... ., , 1 3 6
" Mr. Cooke for Her Majesty's Household 26 1 10
" My Lord Chamberlain, his man , 610
" And other bills, the whole amounting to £1225 12
From the foregoing accounts we see that more than J64000 was
expended by Sir Thomas Egerton in the preparation for the reception
of Her Majesty, and it must be borne in mind that in those days
money was at least three times the value that it is now.
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In addition to the foregoing, 86 of Sir Thomas Egerton's friends
sent the following presents to enable the Lord Keeper more honorably
to entertain the Queen.
Bucks 74
Pheasants 31
Ow^rs
20 jirkms
Stags 13
Peacocks 2
Zofo£er«
150
Oxen 11
Swans 15
Salmon
7
Muttons 65
Signets 6
Trouts
12
Veals 2
Hearns 9
Carps
18
Partridges 178
Coddes
3
QuaUes 50
Soales
12
Turkeys 21
Sturgeon
8 pieces
Chickens 107
Prawns
200
Ducklings 48
Crafish
300
Cheeses 14
.Bay #aft 20 Bushels
Sugar Loaves 40
White Salt 2 gitarte
Preserved fruits 40 boxes 1
Pype of Sacke
Apricots
100 3 Gallons of Cherry Wine
Preserve
4 jpofo 1 CWcw* o/ Synamond Water
1 itoftte o/ JBo«e TPater
The persons who brought the above presents were rewarded with
various sums, the whole amounting to £47 14s. 2d.
In the volume of the Camden Society, containing the foregoing
list, the Editor calls attention to one of the items which deserves
notice.
It is stated that Sir Thomas Lucy (against whom Shakespeare
is said to have written a ballad) sent a present of a Buck. Now
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Malone discredits the whole story of the deer stealing, because Sir
Thomas Lucy had no Park at Charlecote.
" I conceive, he says (Shakespeare by Boswell, II, 145) it will
very readily be granted that Sir Thomas Lucy could not lose that of
which he never was possessed." We see, however, that he was
"possessed of deer," for he sent a present of a Buck to Sir Thomas
Egerton in 1602, tho' that was fifteen or twenty years after Shake-
speare (if it ever happened) had been punished for stealing his deer,
and had avenged himself by writing the celebrated Ballad.
In NicholTs progresses of Queen Elizabeth, published 1823, is
an extract from papers which belonged to the late Sir Roger Newdi-
gate, lettered " Entertainment of Queen Elizabeth at Harefield by
the Countess of Derby," where it is mentioned that " the Queen
entered (out of the highway) into the Demesne Ground of Harefield
near the Dairy house (now Dews farm) when she met two persons,
the one representing a Bayliffe and the other a Dairy maid, who
addressed Her Majesty in a complimentary speech. The Queen being
on horseback remained to hear it, sheltered by a tree, as it was rain-
ing heavily. Her Majesty afterwards proceeded to the house and
alighting from her horse ascended three steps near the house where a
carpet and chair were set for her. Two allegorical persons representing
Time and Place, then presented themselves and addressed her in a long
dialogue to which Her Majesty patiently listened/' A poem was pre-
sented to Her Majesty, beginning
" Beauty 9 8 Rose and Virtues Booh,
" Angel's mind and Angel's look.' 9
The Queen being sixty-nine years of age !
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From this time till her departure from Harefield we have but
little account of what took place ; it seems to have rained the whole
time she remained. By the Egerton papers we see that a Bear had
been brought down from London for her Majesty's entertainment,
(probably to be baited). There was also a lottery, where lots were
drawn all numbered, denoting different articles with a couple of lines
in metre, which were handed to the fortunate drawers in the Queen's
presence, of which the following have been selected —
A Handkerchief.
" Whether you seem to weep, or weep indeed,
This Handkerchief will stand you well instead"
A Fan.
" You love to see, and yet to be unseen,
Take you this fan, to be your beauty's screen."
A Looking Glass.
" Blind fortune doth not see how fair you be,
But gives a Glass that you yourself may see"
A Blank.
" Nothing's your lot, that's more than can be told,
For nothing is more precious than gold."
In Masson's life of Milton, it is recorded that Shakespeare's
Othello was here first publicly performed before Her Majesty by " Bur-
bidge's players," specially brought to Harefield for that purpose.
Shakespeare himself, then 38 years of age, being almost certainly
among them.
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One of the charges for the entertainment of Her Majesty, taken
from the Egerton papers is £10 for Burbidge players of Othello. At
Her Majesty's departure the allegorical person representing Place
attired in mourning made her a farewell address, from which the
following is an extract —
" Sweet Majestie, be pleased to look upon a poor wydow mourning
before your Grace ; I am this Place, which at your coming was full of
Joy, but now at your departure am as full of sorrow," and a great
deal more in the same strain, ending with " My only Suyte before you
go, is that you will pardon the close imprisonment which you have
suffered ever since your coming, imputing it not to me but to St.
Swythen, who of late hath rayzed so many storms, as I was faine
provide this Anchor for you, when I did understand you would put
into this Creeke. But now since I perceive this harbour is too little
for you, and you will Hoyst sayle and be gone ; I beseech you take
this Anchor with you. And I pray to Him that made both Time and
Place, that in all places, wherever you shall arrive, you may anchor
as safely as you doe, and ever shall doe, in the harte of my owners."
The anchor here mentioned is the one for which with other matters
the Goldsmith was paid £8, (see Egerton papers).
On the 24th of March, 1603, Queen Elizabeth died, aged 70.
Sir Thomas Egerton after assisting in proclaiming King James I, met
His Majesty at Broxburne, in the County of Hertford, and presented
him with the Great Seal — which the King immediately returned.
Sir Thomas was then made Lord High Chancellor, and created Baron
Ellesmere. In 1616 he was raised to the Viscouncy of Brackley;
the following year he resigned the Lord Chancellorship (being suc-
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ceeded by Lord Bacon) and died soon after, aged 77, leaving landed
property to the amount of ^8,000 a year. He was buried at Ormes-
kirke. Alice, Countess Dowager of Derby, survived her husband
Viscount Brackley nineteen years, residing at Harefield where she
died on the 26th of January, 1637, and lies buried in the Chancel of
Harefield Church, By her will dated the 24th December, 1636,
amongst other bequests charged upon her estates generally she left
£25 a year for ever to the Incumbent or Curate of the Parish. She
also left a charge of £ZQ a year as follows, viz. : £30 a year to be
divided amongst six old women residing in her Alms Houses ; £1 a
year for the repairs of the said Alms Houses ; and £5 a year to the
Curate as master to read the service or some prayers daily to them.
The Lord of the Manor of Harefield to appoint to the vacancies as
they occur.
The original Mansion which stood near the church was burnt
down in 1 6 60. Tradition says the fire was occasioned by the carelessness
of the witty Sir Charles Sedley, who was amusing himself by reading
in bed. The house was rebuilt by uniting the two Lodges of the old
house by an intermediate building ; this was done about 1680, by Sir
Kichard Newdigate the second Baronet, whose widow resided in it for
several years.
On the 26th February, 1674, Sergeant Sir Kichard Newdigate
(who the 3rd February had repurchased the Manors and Estates of
Harefield and Moor Hall from George Pitt, Esq.) by deed altered the
bequest of Lady Derby as to the Alms Houses, and in lieu thereof
enfeoffed several persons (named as Trustees) of Baldwin Hall and
certain pieces of Land to the use of the said Trustees and their heirs,
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to the intent and purpose that they might yearly receive out of the
Bents and Profits, thirty-six pounds per annum over and above all
Taxes, to be applied to the charitable use therein mentioned and
subject thereto to the use of Sir Richard Newdigate, his heirs and
assigns, Lords of the Manor of Harefield for ever. The said pre-
mises were in 1750 vested in Mr. Hawtre, the sole surviving Trustee.
In 1750, Sir Koger Newdigate, Bart., the descendant and heir of
Sir Richard, entered into an agreement with George Cooke, Esq.,
Chief Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas, to sell to him
certain farms, messuages, mills, tithes, tenements, etc., etc., and
amongst them was Baldwin's Hall and the several pieces of Land
named in the deed of 1674. This sale was completed the 23rd
November, 1752, and the Great Great Nephew of the above named
George Cooke — William Frederick Vernon, Esq., now in possession
of the Harefield Park Estate, pays the six old women in the Alms
Houses, and the Curate as master, and the £1 a year for repairs ; but
the Lord of the Manor appoints to all vacancies notwithstanding.
Sir Roger Newdigate, the fifth and last Baronet, was the youngest
Son of Sir Edward Newdigate who died in 1727 ; He was a King's
scholar in Westminster, where, by his own choice, he remained three
years and became a Member of University College. He made the
toilr of France and Italy. Soon after his return he was elected M.P.
for Middlesex upon the vacancy created by The Rt. Hon. William
Pulteney becoming Earl of Bath in 1742. In 1743 he married
Sophia, daughter of Edward Conyers, of Copt Hall, Co. Essex, Esq.
After many years of bad health she died in 1774, and was buried at
Harefield where is her monument, a white marble vase with a female
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figure in basso relievo recumbent, on the top an angel leaning on an
extinguished torch, on a tablet underneath is the following inscription:
Of his most truly amiable, much and long loved wife,
SOPHIA, LADY NEWDIGATE,
Daughter of Edward Conyers, of Copped Hall, Essex, Esquire,
by Matilda, daughter of
WILLIAM, BABON LAMPSTEB,
Born December QOth, 1718. Married May 31«t, 1743.
Died July 9th, 1774.
Sir Roger Newdigate, Baronet, with many tears erected this
monument.
In 1776, he married his second Lady, Hester, daughter of
Edward Mundy, of Shipley, County Derby.
On the 31st January, 1750, upon a vacancy made by Lord
Cornbury being called to the House of Peers, Sir Roger Newdigate
had the honour to be returned a Burgess for the University of Oxford,
and continued their Member till 1780, when he retired from public
life.
In 1760, having fixed his residence in Warwickshire, he sold
Harefield Place and the Land immediately around it (retaining the
Manor and his other Estates in the Parish) to John Truesdale, Esq.,
and in 1780 it was purchased of Mr. Truesdale's executors by William
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Baynes, Esq., who died 1798, and was succeeded by his Son, Sir
Christopher Baynes, Bart., who re-sold the house near the church and
a portion of the land to Jane, widow of Charles Parker, Esq., who
shortly afterwards (about the year 1814) pulled it down. There is an
engraving of it in Lyson's extra volume of the History of Middlesex.
Evelyn in his Sylva mentions a Silver fir planted by Lady Derby at
Harefield Place in 1603 (at two year's growth) which had, in 1679
attained the height of 81 feet and measured 13 feet in girth.
In 1786 Sir Roger Newdigate built Harefield Lodge, one mile
from Uxbridge, but he usually resided at Arbury in Warwickshire.
Though twice married, he died without issue, 25th November, 1806,
at 87. He left his estates of Arbury and Harefield to Charles New-
digate Parker, Esq., the Grandson of William Parker of Salford Prior,
County Warwick, and Millicent Newdigate, first cousin of Sir Roger.
The present Charles Newdigate Newdegate, M.P. for North Warwick-
shire, now owner of Arbury and Harefield, and Lord of the Manor, is the
only Son of the late Charles Newdigate Parker, who took the name
of Newdegate on the death of Sir Roger, and died in 1833.
Sir Roger Newdigate was a great benefactor to the University of
Oxford. The admired Cast of the Florentine Boar in Queen's
College Library ; The Florentine Museum and other books in the
Library of University College ; Piranesi's works in the Bodleian, and
those exquisite specimens of ancient sculpture, the Candelabras in
the Ratcliffe Library (which cost JB1800) were some of his donations.
(Gen. Mag, vol. 77, part 2, page 706) He also founded the Newde-
gate Prize at Oxford, by giving £1000 to be vested in the public
funds in the name of the Vice-Chancellor and Master of the Univer-
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sity College for the time being, in trust ; part of it to go for an
annual prize for English Verses on ancient sculpture, painting, and
architecture, and the remainder to accumulate as part of a fund
towards the amendment of the lodgings of the Master of University
College. He stipulated that in the verses there should be no com-
pliment to himself, and that the number of lines should not exceed
fifty, as he observed " our greatest fault in writing, is want of com-
pression." The first prize was gained by Mr. Wilson of Magdalen
College in 1806.
Manor of Moob Hall. The Manor of Moor Hall was given
by a deed in the twelfth century to the Preceptory of Knights
Hospitallers at Harefield by Alice, daughter of Baldwin de Clare.
The words of the deed are " Confirmavi Deo, Beat® Marise, et Sancto
Johanni Baptistce, et Sanctoe Domus in territorio de Herfeld," etc.
Certain lands described in boundaries, and these lands are said to
form the Manor of Moor Hall, Who founded the Priory I have not
been able to ascertain, but it was a cell to the Priory of St. John's,
Clerkenwell, as is evident from a lawsuit relating to this Manor in
the fourth year of Edward III, 1330-1, (recorded in the Newdigate
Cartulary) in which the parties are Sir Simon de Swanland, Lord of
Harefield, and the Prior of St. John of Jerusalem in England. There
is also in the same Cartulary a deed of Sir Roger Bacheworth, who
was Lord of the Manor of Harefield in 1284, which gives ten acres of
Harefield Moor to the brethren of St. John of Jerusalem at the
instance of Nicholas Daccombe, who is called Preceptor domus
Hospitalis de Herfeld.
The site of the old Preceptory is now occupied by a Farm house
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inhabited by day labourers. The Refectory, the walls of which are
standing, is of stone and flint with three lancet windows in the east
end, now built up. Upon the abolition of the Knights Hospitallers
in England, this Manor was granted by Henry VIII, the 34th of his
reign, to Robert Tyrwhit, Esq., who the same year, 1542-3, conveyed
it to John Newdigate and John his son. It has since passed with the
Manor of Harefield. " Whensoever the Knights Templars or Hospi-
tallers had any considerable Manor or Farm, they built a convenient
house, to which they sent part of their fraternity under the command
of a Preceptor, and these houses were called Preceptories or Com-
manderies. M (see Summary of Religious Houses, 8vo. 1717, p. 20.)
Brakenbury. In the year 1349, Sir Thomas de Samford, or
as he is called in some deeds Saunford, held a messuage and lands in
Harefield, This Estate soon after became, the property of the Swan-
lands by the intermarriage of Sir Simon de Swanland with Joan the
daughter and heir of Sir Thomas de Samford. In 1356, William de
Swanland granted a lease of this Estate to Thomas de Brakenburgh,
from whom it acquired the name of Brakenburgh or Brakenburyes,
and in some records is called erroneously the Manor of Brakenburgh.
It passed with the Manor of Harefield from the Swanlands to the
family of Newdigate, and has ever since been in their uninterrupted
possession, not having been included in the deed of exchange between
Sir Edmund Anderson and John Newdigate. It is now a Farm house
with a moat round three sides. The south Aisle of the Harefield
Church, which is the ancient burial place of the Newdigate family, is
called the Brakenburgh Chapel. In a MSS. account of the Monu-
ments in Harefield Church taken by George King, Lancaster Herald,
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1422—1470) to Queen = Margaret
tspear and died there
George Ashby, Clerk of
died at Breaks
, I
ohn Ashby,
Ird August, 1546,
tied young.
r
Joane As
daugh
buried 3rd A]
h-
1
pbert Ashby, third son, bap- =
tized 14th April, 1508, of
Breakspear.
He died and is buried
at Harefield, 1674.fi.
\
Francis Ashby, Esq., of —
Breakspear.
Baptized at Harefield
10th November, 1600.
Died 10th April, 1743, ®t
83, buried in linen (fine paid.)
arah Ashby, baptized
0th September, 1692,
married in 1711 to
Edward Blackstone
of London,
and had a son John
Blackstone of Fleet
Sreet, whose only child
Sophia,
married in 1780,
Hector Davies,
ad was mother of the
Bona Bev.
lector Davies Morgan,
A.M.
f Castle Hedingham,
Essex.
John As'
died 17
and
Judith A
ob. 17!
Bobert >y,
baptized 13th
buried 4th
hMay
Marmaduke Ashby
baptized
16th June, 1594.
1'
to
Ige
led
93.
Esq.
3ran-
1857,
his
Bogc
bi
18th IV:
The i e son Bonaventure Ashby
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27
the arms of Brakenburgh, (three chevrons interlaced) are said to have
been seen by him at the west end of the Chapel near the roof.
Breakspear. Breakspear, an ancient Mansion in this Parish is
said by Camden to have been so called from a family of that name,
one of whom, Nicholas Breakspear was elected Pope, 3rd December,
1154, on the death of Anastatius the fourth, and assumed the Title of
Adrian the fourth. He died in 1159, 30th August, said to have been
choked by a fly.
Few of Adrian's Bulls are dated in the year of his Pontificate,
In some of them, he indicated the Bank which he held among Popes
of his own name by styling himself Adrian the fourth, which custom
had then fallen into desuetude.
He sometimes commenced the year on the 1st of January,
sometimes on the 25th March, and sometimes followed the Pisan
calculation, which was occasionally used in France, especially in the
twelfth century. It differed only from our common era by preceding
it by one year.
In 1371, William de Swanland granted a lease of sixty years to
William Brekspere of a house and lands in Harefield which had been
held by John Grove in bondagio.
Early in the fifteenth century, Breakspere was in possession of
George Ashby, Esq., Clerk of the Signet to Margaret of Anjou,
Queen of Henry VI. (1422-70) He died at Breakspear 1474, and
was buried in Harefield Church. The Estate continued in this family
till late in the eighteenth century, when Elizabeth, daughter of Robert
Ashby, Esq., on the death of her brother Robert in 1767, and of her
Father in 1769, became sole heiress, and the following year she
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married Joseph Partridge, Esq., of St. James's, who died 3rd Jan-
uary, 1793, leaving a son Joseph Ashby Partridge his heir, who was
born 1775, and in 1838 married Anne Catherine Drake, and dying
in 1857, age 82 without issue, left the property to William Wickham
Drake, Esq., eldest son of the Kev. Wickham Drake of Malpas,
Cheshire, by Eliza, daughter of Thomas Tarleton of Bolesworth
Castle.
William Wickham Drake, Esq., born 1809, married in 1856,
Mary Agnes, daughter of the late John Harcourt Powell, Esq., of
Drinkstone Park, Suffolk.
Harefield Park. This Estate was the creation of George
Cooke, Esq., Chief Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas,
the first of the Cookes who settled at Harefield, after his marriage in
1700. He was the youngest of twelve children of John Cooke, Esq.,
of Swifts and Cranbrook, County Kent, by Mary Warren of Cheshire.
He commenced the formation of the present Estate by the purchase
of an ancient house called Ryes or Rythes and about 170 acres of
land from John Stanyan Gent., 1st February, 1704. Before his
death, which occurred in 1740, he built the present house, planted
the ornamental timber, made the garden, and added about 200 more
acres of land purchased at different times. Amongst his purchases
was a small tenement with stables and orchard with three acres of
land, called Belhamonds, which he purchased in 1713. He then gave
that name to his own house. In 1752, his son, George Cooke, Esq.,
M.P. for Middlesex, added several farms with about 400 acres of land
and also the Mills on the Colne, which he purchased from Sir Roger
Newdigate, Bart., and in 1758 he purchased the Evesden farm and
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fishery from William Ashby of Breakspear. In 1824, General Sir
George Cooke, the Grandson of the last mentioned George Cooke,
added to his Estate the farm called Weybeards or Hamonds, which
he purchased from the executors of Robert George Spedding, Esq.,
late manager of the Copper Mills. And about this time the name of
Sir George Cooke's residence was changed to Harefield Park. After
the death of Sir George and his brother, Sir Henry Cooke, S.P., and
the second marriage of Sir Henry Cooke's widow, the property came
to William Frederick Vernon, Esq., the nephew of Sir Henry Cooke.
The House was let for many years, and became very much out of
repair, till in 1862 the present owner of the property having tho-
roughly restored it and made it a comfortable residence, came to live
there himself. The views from the Park ; which is well timbered are
much admired. There is a very fine grove of Ilex of considerable
size in the Park. Close to the house, at the south end of the Terrace,
is a fine Statue in white marble (believed to be by Rysbrack) of Sir
George Cooke, chief Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas,
who founded the Estate. He died suddenly at his chambers in the
Temple in 1740, and was buried at Hayes Church, Middlesex, of
which Manor he was Lord.
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On the Pedestal of this Statue are the following inscriptions.
Pietatis private privatum Testwrnnvum
M. S.
GEORGII COOKE MILITIS
Curia communum Plaoitorum
Principalis per viginti duos annos Proikonotarii
Natu fwit minimus
E dAwdiovra Liberia (fUus septem et quinque FUice)
Johannis Cooke de Cranbroke in Com: Cantii Armig.
Equidem etiam, curice Protonotarii
Quod ojficium d Patre aeceptam
Pro sum/mo amore
In mum itidem FUium transferri curavit
Uxorem duxit Annam filiam natu minima/in
Edwardi Jennings de Duddlestone in Com. Salopice Armig.
Domince Regince Anne d ConsUio
Prolemque ex ilia rdiquit Annam et Oeorgvum
Annosque Domini MDCCXL. sue vero cetatis LXV.
Paralasi paulatim dissolutus est.
Hence ever honoured rise
amidst the silence ef this grave.
The loved remembrance and the form revered
of a kind Father and a faithful Friend.
Stranger to civil or religions rage.
Born to no pride, inheriting no strife.
The Goods of Fortune.
(not meanly nor ambitiously punned)
Blest with the sense to value,
with the art to enjoy,
and the virtue to impart.
Diffusing
Happiness and plenty to his children,
Ease to the oppressed and relief to the Poor.
He maintained his integrity
Thro' various circumstances of Fortune
and dying in an age of General Corruption,
Had the satisfaction to leave his own Family
Free and Indspendant.
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There is a fall length picture of this same George Cooke,
painted by Vanderbank in 1726, in the Billiard room at Harefield Park.
Another fall length of his son, also by Vanderbank, painted 1734.
A three-quarter length picture of John Cooke of Swifts, and another
of Mary Warren his wife, both by Hargrave. A three-quarter length
of Edward Jennings, of Duddlestone, Salop, and another of his
youngest daughter Anne, who married the first George Cooke in
1700, both by Gossebone ; Also a full length of William East who
died 1737, and Anne Cooke his wife who died 1762, both by John
Vanderbank, a portrait painter who died and was buried at Marybone,
30th December, 1739.
There are also three chalk drawings of William East and Anne
Cooke's children, namely, William East, created baronet 1766 ;
Anne East, who married Henry, third son of Sir John Norris, Knight,
and Elizabeth East, who married Sir Capel Molyneux of Castle
Dillon, County Armagh.
Also two three-quarter lengths in oil, of Catherine, youngest
daughter of Sir Thomas Twysden, who married in 1835 George
Cooke ; and Francis, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Twysden who
married George Ogle, Esq., grandson of Sir Bobert Markham, Bart.,
who died 1690.
Harefield Lodge, the seat of Charles Newdigate Newdegate,
Esq., M.P., the lord of the Manor, was built by Sir Boger Newdigate,
Bart., in 1786, as a dower house, he haying sold Harefield Place in
1760. It commands an extensive prospect; Windsor Castle and
Forest being seen in the distance. It is now let, its owner living at
Arbuiy in Warwickshire,
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Harefield Gbove, is the property of Joseph Boord, Esq., who
purchased it about three years ago from Robert Barnes, Esq., of
Manchester, who had been in possession of it for about six years,
and who had expended a large sum upon it, greatly improving both
the House and Estate. In a deed of the 12th May, 1684, it is
described by the name of " Guttersdean Farm as a copyhold
messuage with orchard, etc., etc., and 65 acres of Coppyhold land of
which about 10 acres are wood, and also 67 acres of Freehold land,
of which 28 acres are wood and now (1684) in the Tenure of Richard
Herbert.' 9 By this deed George Pitt of Strathfieldsay sells the whole
of the Great and Small Tithes arising, etc,, on the said Farm Lands,
etc., to Nathaniel Saunders. It has changed hands more frequently
than any estate in this Parish. In 1804, the Rev. S. Barnard resided
there and kept a School. It was afterwards the property of Major
Richard Aylmer Haly from about 1809 to 1819. It then came into
the possession of Mr. Flower, and about the year 1830, it was
purchased by Mr. Morgan, a Russian Merchant, who greatly improved
the house and laid out the grounds. Upon his death it was pur-
chased by Lord Ebury, who shortly afterwards sold it (retaining
some of the woods) to Robert Barnes, Esq., and from J"'™ it was
purchased in 1869 by the present possessor.
Harefield House, now the property of the Honourable Sir John
Byles, Judge of the court of Common Pleas, belonged early in the
present century to Philip Champion de Crespigny, Esq., (the second
son of Philip Champion de Crespigny, M.P. for Aldeburgh, Suffolk,
who died 1803). This Philip Champion de Crespigny the son, died
without issue in 1851, aged 86, and was succeeded by his Nephew,
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Charles Champion de Crespigny, who sold the property to Captain
Cecil Dunn Gardner of Cambridgeshire! from whom it was purchased
in 1859 by the present owner. Before Mr. Crespigny became the
possessor of Harefield House, it was the residence of George, Count
Bruhl, Envoy from the Court of Saxony to England, who, the 8th July,
1767, married Alicia Maria, the daughter of Lord Carpenter, and
widow of Charles Earl of Egremont who died 1763. The Countess
died in 1794, and is buried in Harefield Church. In 1796 Count
Bruhl purchased Weybeard's Farm, alias Hamonds, with 36 acres of
land, and went to reside there till 1807, when he sold it to Mr.
Spedding. He died in Essex in 1809, aged 72, but was buried by %&>
his wife in Harefield Church, (see Register).
The Parish Church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and
situated about a half-a-mile from the Village, in the centre of the
Park of Old Harefield Place, is built of flint and stone with a square
tower at the north west corner. It is of great antiquity (value about
JB75 a year) in the gift of Charles Newdigate Newdegate, Esq., M.P.,
who has refitted and restored it at an outlay of upwards of £3000.
The Church now affords accommodation for 550 persons. The interior
consists of a Chancel very much raised (on each side of which are
two rows of seats appropriated to the use of the Lord of the Manor),
a Nave, and two Aisles, with a gallery for the organ and choir over a
portion of the north aisle.
The east end of the south Aisle, is the old Brackenburg Chapel,
and the east end of the north Aisle, is the old Breakspear Chapel,
screened off from the Church and occupied as a pew by the owners
of Breakspear. There is a private entrance to this Chapel in the
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north wall of the Church.
The owners of the Harefield Park Estates have a large pew at
the extreme west of the Church, now made into two, and a pew on
each side of it for the servants ; and for which pews, with a family
vault underneath, the owners of the Harefield Park Estate possess a
Faculty granted the 23rd December, 1715. There is also a pew
belonging to Harefield House, now the property of Mr. Justice Byles,
formerly called Dobyn's house, sold by Sir Roger Newdigate, 1752.
This pew is the second from the chancel on the left hand side of the
nave. The Mills have also a pew appropriated to them. This pew is
the one nearest the chancel on the left side of the nave.
The advowson of the Church was formerly given to the Knight's
Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem, by Beatrice de Boilers, relict of
Baldwin, Pitz Geoffrey (see Dugdale's Monast Ang :). The Bishop
seems never to have had any jurisdiction in this Parish, which is a
peculiar, and the Church a donative, in the hands of the Lord of the
Manor, who appoints the Incumbent ; and formerly could (it is said)
displace him at pleasure ; but Bishop Blomfield having obtained an
Act of Parliament giving the Bishops a certain jurisdiction over all
peculiars, the Incumbent (called vicar since 1850,) must now (after
his appointment by the Patron) be instituted by the Bishop, and can
no longer be removed at the will of the Patron. The ancient stipend
of the Curate or Incumbent was <£6 13s. 4d. But in 1637 Alice,
Countess Dowager of Derby, left by her will a charge upon her estate
at Harefield of £25 a year for ever to the Incumbent ; and gave
in addition £5 per annum, a house and a small piece of land, to the
Curate as master of her Alms Houses, on condition of his reading
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prayers to the poor women. And this £30 a year, together with the
Easter offerings, is said to be all that the Incumbent is legally
entitled to. The Patron claiming all fees as his right.
There is now a very good Vicarage House with about 8 acres of
Glebe land surrounding it. The Lord of the Manor gave the land, and
the House was built by subscription in 1855, costing £1,600, of which
Queen Anne's bounty contributed JB200; Pyncombe's Charity £100; the
Bishop of London £20, and the rest was subscribed by the Parish-
ioners. The Lord of the Manor and the owner of Breakspear Estate
giving one half of it. The year following, (1856) the Lord of the
Manor added the Stables, and enclosed the north side of the kitchen
garden with a wall.
The Tithes of this Parish were appropriated to the Hospitallers,
and the Church became a Donation in their hands. In the old
Valors the Rectory was valued at £8 13s. 4d., but was exempted from
taxation. In 1548 it was valued at £20 per annum (see Chantry roll
for Middlesex in the Augmentation office).
After the dissolution of Religious Houses, the Rectory and
Advowson were granted 34 Henry VIII, 1542-3 to Robert Tyrwhit,
who the same year conveyed them to John Newdegate and John his
Son. The advowson has since passed with the Manor, but the greater
part of the Tithes were not included in Sergeant Newdegate's re-
purchase, but were sold to different persons by George Pitt and George
his Son between the years 1683 and 1695.
In 1649, Harefield was returned as " One Parsonage^impropriate
" to the Lord Chandos^in fee, who hath the right of patronage, and
" we consider the same to be worth about £140 per annum in small
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" and great Tithes, and find that by order of the Committee at .
" Goldsmith's Hall, upon the^said Lord Chandos his composition, he
" is to allow towards the maintenance of an able Minister amongst
" us the yearly sum of £100, which is of late settled upon one
" Mr. Hoare, our present Incumbent and constant preaching
" Minister." (see Parliamentary Survey of Church Lands, MSS.,
Lambeth, page 187-8). The Republican party made Lord Chandos
pay £3,973 as composition for his Estates.
In 1845, the Commissioners, under the Tithe commutation Act,
found —
That the Parish of Harefield consists of about 4,513 a 3 r 26*
whereof ll a 3 r 36* by estimation were gravel pits, Churchyard, sites
of houses and waste.
That William Frederick Vernon, Esq. is the owner of all the
Tithes arising and renewing on 324 a l r 31* of which 41 a r 21*
are arable, 234 a l r 31* meadow or pasture, 48 a 2 r 34 p wood.
That the Heir at Law of Sir Roger Newdegate, Bart., is the
owner in Trust for the overseers of the poor of the Parish of all
Tithes arising, or renewing on, lll a 3 r 38* in the said Parish, of
which 49* 2 f 30* are arable, 55 a r 27* are meadow, and T r 27* are
wood.
That Joseph Ashby Partridge, Esq., is owner of Tithes on 13°
2 r 38* of meadow land.
That the persons named in the Schedule annexed to the Report,
fifty seven in number, are the owners of the lands there men-
tioned opposite their names, containing altogether 427° 3 r 6*, and
all Tithes arising on the same, and for which £76 11$. lOd. is awarded
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42 12
17 1
3 10
a.
6
6
6
76 11 10
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as commutation. And that the owners of the remaining lands (being
also respectively the owners of all the Tithes arising and renewing on
the same) have duly merged the said Tithes in the Freehold and
inheritance of the said lands by Instruments of Merger, which have
been duly confirmed by the Tithe Commissioners, and Francis Offley
Martin duly appointed having estimated the value of the said Tithes
did award the sums named as follows in lieu of such Tithes :
To William Frederick Vernon, his heirs, etc.
To the heir of Sir Roger Newdigate in Trust
To Joseph A8hby Partridge, Esq
To the fifty seven persons namied in the Schedule
the different sums set forth, a/mounting in all to
Confirmed by the Commissioners, 2Mh May, 1845.
The map with the Plots of Ground all numbered with the
Schedule annexed, together with the award of the Commissioners
commuting the said Tithe into a Rent Charge for ever, is in the
Church chest (1872). At the Commutation of Tithe in 1845, the
value of Grain per imperial bushel was :
Wheat, 7s. OJi. Barley, 2s. \\%d. Oats, 2s. 9d.
At the south east corner of the chancel of the Church is a very
handsome monument to the memory of Alice, Countess Dowager of
Derby, who died in 1637. The monument exhibits the arms of
Stanley with its quarterings, impaling the arms and quarterings of
Spencer of Althorpe. There are the arms also of the Countess'
three daughters, viz. ; first, Lady Anne Stanley, who married Grey
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Lord Chandos, and afterwards the Earl of Castlehaven, who was
beheaded on Tower Hill, 14th May, 1631. Second, Lady Francis
Stanley, who married the Earl of Bridgwater ; and the third, Lady
Elizabeth Stanley, who married Henry Earl of Huntingdon. An
inscription on this monument states that Sir Thomas Egerton (who
was the Countess of Derby's second husband) had by his first wife an
only daughter Mary, who was Mother of Julian Lady Newdigate, (see
Pedigree).
On the south wall is an altar tomb (placed under an arch) to the
memory of John Newdegate who died in 1528, and fixed upright in
the wall are figures in brass of the deceased, with his eight sons and
five daughters. On the same wall are the monuments of John New-
digate (fifth son of Sir Bichard Newdigate, Bart.) 1705 ; Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Thomas Twisden, Bart, and relict of Sir Bichard
Newdigate, Bart., 1765 ; Sophia, daughter of Edward Conyers, Esq.,
and wife of Sir Boger Newdigate, Bart., 1774.
On the east wall is a very handsome monument, designed and
executed by Gibbons, the celebrated carver, in memory of Sir Bichard
Newdigate, Bart., Sergeant at Law, who died 1710, and of Mary his
wife, daughter of Sir Edward Bagot, who died 1692.
On the north wall are the monuments of Sarah, wife of Bichard
Newdigate, Esq., (son of Sir Bichard Newdigate, Bart.,) and daughter
of Sir Cicil Bishop, Bart., 1695 ; Sir Bichard Newdigate her hus-
band, (who succeeded to the Title of Baronet and had married his
second wife Elizabeth Twisden,) 1727 ; Sir Edward Newdigate, Bart.,
aged 18 years, 1734 ; Bichard and Charles his brothers, and Jane his
sister, who all died young. The monument of Sir Bichard is orna-
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mented with a bust, and that of Sir Edward with a medallion of the,
deceased, in white marble.
On the sonth west corner of the sonth aisle is an ancient altar
tomb, which has neither inscription nor arms. In the north east is
a table tomb, with figures in brass to the memory of John Newdigate,
Sergeant at Law, who died 1545, and Amphilicia his wife (daughter
of John Nevill, Esq., who died 1544), they had ten sons and four
daughters. Against the south wall is a tablet with figures in brass to
the memory of Editha (daughter of John Bowett, of Surrey, and
relict of John Newdigate), died 1444. On the same wall are the
monuments of Sir John Newdigate, Knt., (who married Anne
daughter of Sir Edward Fitton) 1610, and John Newdigate his son
and heir (who married Susan Luis) 1642.
On the east wall of the Brackenburg Chapel is a monument to
Richard Newdigate, Sergeant at Law and Baronet, youngest son of
Sir John Newdigate, Knt M born 17th September, 1602, died
14th October, 1678, leaving by Juliana his wife, the daughter of
Francis Leigh, of Newnham Regis, County Warwick, (who died 14th
October, 1685), three sons and two daughters surviving. This Sir
Richard was in great practice as a Sergeant at Law at the beginning of
the rebellion, when his elder brother died, and he became heir to his
Estates at Arbury and the Brackenburg farm at Harefield — both
much encumbered.
When Cromwell was declared Protector, he determined to govern
by the laws of the land ; and for this purpose summoned some of the
lawyers who were then most eminent at the bar ; amongst others, the
great Sir Matthew Hale,* and Serjeant Newdegate, but they both
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declined serving under him, declaring they could not act under his
commission. He turned from them in wrath, saying, if you of the
red robe will not execute the law, my red coats shall ; upon which
they all cried out, " Make us Judges, we will be Judges."
On the 25th January, 1653-4, Matthew Hale was by writ made
a Serjeant, and one of the justices of the Common Bench. On the
2nd June, 1654, three new judges were made, Serjeant Pepys,
Serjeant Newdigate, and Serjeant Windham.
Upon the question of the Sale of Crown Lands, the new Judge
Newdigate declared no title could be made to them : and being sent
the Northern Circuit, when Colonel Halsey and many Cavaliers who
had been taken in arms in Scotland, were indicted at York for high
treason, he declared from the Bench that he knew no law which made
it high Treason to levy war against a Lord Protector. This drew upon
him the indignation of Cromwell ; and in May, 1655, he and Baron
Thorpe were put out of their places for not observing the Protector's
pleasure in all his commands, (Whitlocks Memorial).
Being thus honorably displaced, he returned to the Ban But
on the 17th January 1660, he was made Chief Justice of the Upper
Bench, and continued till the Restoration, when his health being
much impaired, he retired from public life, deservedly honored and
respected by all who knew him. Some years after the Restoration,
at the instance of Lord Grandison, the Duke of Ormonde, and of
Colonel Halsey, whose life he had saved at York, he had an audience
of the King, who received him very graciously, and thanked him for
his kindness to his friends in the worst of times. At the same time a
warrant was issued for a patent of Baronetage ; " which dignity,
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" says the patent, we confer upon him in consideration of several
" good services performed to us and our faithful subjects in the late
" usurpation." The usual fees were on this occasion remitted.
In 1674 Sir Richard repurchased of George Pitt the ancient
family property with the Manors of Harefield and Moorhall and
lived till his death in 1678 at the old House.
On the west side of the Brackenbury Chapel are the monuments
of Robert Newdigate, Esq., 1695. He married first, Frances, daughter
of Thomas Harrison, Esq. second, Juliana, daughter of Robert
Beale, Esq., who survived him, and died 1732. Robert Newdigate,
Esq., (son of Robert and Juliana), 1723 ; and Diana, daughter of
Benedict Ball, Esq., of Padmore in the Isle of Wight, by his wife
Mary Stephens (grand-daughter of Sir Richard Newdigate who
married Mary Bagot) she died 1765, aged 18. The last men-
tioned monument is ornamented with an urn of white marble, on
which is a design of a drooping Lily with its stem broken. On the
floor of this chapel is the tomb of John Crugge of Exeter, Gentle-
man, who died 1533, he married Barbary, daughter of John and
Amphilicia Newdegate.
On the floor of the nave are the tombs of Abraham, second son
of John Stanyon, Esq., ®tat 26, 1696, and John his third son, eetat
28, 1701.
On the north wall of the nave is a monument (ornamented with
a bust of the deceased in white marble) in memory of William Ashby,
Esq., of Breakspear, 1760. His first wife was Anne, daughter of
John Alleyn, Esq., of East Buraham, Bucks, who died in 1723, hav-
ing an only surviving child Elizabeth, who died unmarried. His
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second wife was Anne, daughter of Whitlock Bulstrode, Esq., by
whom he had three daughters, one of whom married the Kev. W.
Williams, son of Sir Gilbert Williams, Bart.
In the east window of the Brackenbury Chapel, are the arms of Ash-
by, Azure, a chevron between three eagles displayed or, impaling, quar-
terly argent and Gules, a Cross engrailed counterchanged, forHeydon.
On the north wall is a monument (with the effigies of a man in
armour, kneeling at a faJd-stool, under a canopy supported by columns
of black marble of the Corinthian order) in memory of Sir Kobert
Ashby, Knt., who died in 1617 ; and Sir Francis Ashby, Bart, (his
son) who died in 1623. On the same wall are the monuments of
Anne, wife of William Ashby, Esq., daughter of Whitlock Bulstrode,
Esq., by Elizabeth Dineley, aged 93 years, 1785. On the east wall
is the monument of Joseph Partridge, Esq., 1793. On the floor are
the tombs of George Ashby, Esq., Clerk of the Signet to Henry VII,
and Clerk of the Signet and " Counsellor " to Henry VIII, (with
figures in brass of himself and Eose his wife) 1514. Jane Ashby
(with figures in brass of herself and William Ashby her husband)
1537. John Ashby, Esq., (son of Francis,) 1713. Mrs. Judith
Ashby his sister, 1723. Anne, wife of William Ashby, Esq., only
child of John Aleyne, 1723. Francis Ashby, Esq., 1743. Judith,
his wife, 1753. John Baldwin, M.A., 1673. In a MSS. account of
the Tombs in Harefield Church by George King, Lancaster Herald, is
the copy of an inscription in memory of George Ashbye, Esq., who
died 1474 and Margaret his wife. — This inscription is not now visible.
On the west wall of the arch leading into the Breakspear Chapel,
is the monument of John Pritchett, Bishop of Gloucester, who died.
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1680. He was the son of Walter Pritchett, Gen., Lord of the Manor
of Cowley, in the Parish of Hillingdon ; and after having served the
cure of this Parish nearly 30 years, was promoted to the See of
Gloucester, 1672. On the wall opposite is the monument of John
Aleyne, Esq., 1719.
In the west window of the nave (says Lysons) are the arms of
Cooke impaling Jennings, viz. : Quarterly 1 and 4, Paly of six gules
and sable, three Eagles displayed Argt. 2 and 3, Cheeky, gules and
agure, on a canton of the first a lion ramp Argt., impaling Argt. a
fesse gules between three plummets sable. These arms have now
disappeared, but in lieu thereof are two coats ; first, Sir George Cooke's
coat as above, and second, Sir Henry Cooke's coat, impaling Wind-
ham.
Against the north wall on the south side of the Church, is a
monument (representing a Gamekeeper with his dog) put up by Mr.
Ashby, in memory of his faithful servant, Kobert Mossendew, who
died in 1744. Underneath are the following lines :
" In frost and snow, thro 9 hail and rain,
" He scour 9 d the woods, and trudged the plain ;
" The steady pointer leads the way,
" Stands at the scent, then springs the prey;
" The tvmorous birds from stubble rise,
" With pinions stretched divide the skies;
" The scattered ledd pursues the sight,
" And death in thunder stops their flight;
" His spaniel of true English hind,
" With gratitude inflames his mind ;
" This servant in an honest way,
" In all his actions, copied Tray."
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In the Church-yard are the tombs of Elizabeth, relict of Sir
Walter Long of Whaddon in Wiltshire (daughter of John Cotes of
Woodcote, Shropshire), 1688; John Truesdale, Esq., 1780; Mary
his wife, 1783 ; James Hunt, Esq., 1790.
In 1548 there were in this Parish 200 housling people, that is
people of sufficient age to receive the sacrament of the Lord's supper.
In 1800, there were 150 houses and 830 Inhabitants.
In 1861, „ „ 1,567
In 1871, there were 347 habitable houses, of which 17 were
empty ; and 1,579 Inhabitants, of whom 801 were male and 778
females.
The earliest date of the register of Baptism and Burials is the
year 1538, that of marriages 1546. The year 1603 is wanting in
the Register; in 1625 there are seventeen burials registered and in
1665 nine, both of these were plague years.
The aproximate averages of registered Baptisms, Marriages, and
Deaths per annum were as follows :
Baptisms.
1538 to 1687 . 12
1688 to. 1741 . 15£
1742 to 1802 . 30
1861 to 1871 . 42i
The last year, 1871, there were only 22
Marriages.
Burials
8*
10
5
14*
H
22*
7S
29*
7
21
EXTRACTS FROM THE REGISTERS.
" Francis, son of Thomas Ashby, baptised 5th February, 1540.
" Sir Robert Ashby, Knt., buried 20th March, 1618.
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" Francis Ashby, son of Kobert, baptised 10th October, 1592,
and buried 22nd, February, 1623-4, (created a Baronet 1622) ; but
leaving no issue, male, the Baronetcy became extinct.
" Francis Ashby, buried in linnen, 21st April, 1743, penalty
£2 10^. to the poor.
u Mrs. Judith Ashby, died 1753, buried in linnen and the 'penalty
paid according to the Act for burying in woollen, 30 Charles II.
11 Anne Ashby buried in linnen, and the penalty paid 14th October,
1785, aged 93, and numerous other entrances of this family/'
The 30 Charles II, ch. 3, is an Act of Parliament that all
persons must be buried in woollen, under the penalty of £5, half to
go to the informer and the other half to the poor of the Parish.
The Act was declared to be " for the encouragement of our woollen
manufactories and the prevention of the exportation of money for the
importing of Linnen/ ' Of course this was very unpopular, and the
higher classes usually paid the penalty. This act was repealed 54
George III, 1814.
Pope, in his Epistle to Sir Richard Temple, alluded to this Act. —
" Odious ! in Woollen ! f would a Saint provoke !
(Were the last words that poor Narcissa spoke).
No, let a charming chintz and Brussels lace
Wrap my cold limbs, and shade my lifeless face."
Thus wrote Pope of Mrs. Oldfield the Actress, not however until
he had read of her funeral in Westminster Abbey, when she was not
buried in woollen but in a " Brussels Lace head-dress ; a Holland
shift with tucker and double ruffles of the same lace, and a pair of
new kid gloves." (Gents. Mag., March, 1731.)
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" George, son of John Newdigate, baptised 18th October, 1545.
" John, the son of John Newdigate, baptised 15th March, 1571.
" Edward Newdigate, son of John, baptised 4th March, 1582.
" Juliana, daughter of Sir Richard and Elizabeth Newdigate,
baptised 11th September, 1711.
" Richard, son of Richard Newdigate, Bart., and Elizabeth his
wife, born 16th July and baptised 22nd July, 1716.
" Mary, daughter of Charles and Jane Parker, baptised 14th
December, 1790.
" Charles Newdigate, son of Charles and Jane Parker, baptised
17th July, 1793.
" Sir John Newdigate, Knt., buried 12th April, 1610, gave £12
to the poor of the ^Parish. The Lady Newdigate, wife of Sir John,
buried 22nd June, 1618, gave £5 to the poor.
" The Lady Newdigate (Mary Bagot,) buried 19th September,
1692.
" Madame Sarah Newdigate, wife of Richard Newdigate, Esq,,
buried 12th October, 1695, with her still-born child at the same time.
" John Newdigate, son of Sir Kichard of Arbury, buried 26th
July, 1705. No affidavit being brought, the £5 fine was ordered to
be paid, one half to the informer, the other half to the poor of the
Parish, according to the Act.
" Sir Kichard Newdigate, Bart., husband of MaiyBagot, buried
20th January, 1710.
" Sir Kichard Newdigate of Arbury, Bart, and patron of this
Church, buried 18th August, 1727.
" Sir Edward Newdigate, Bart, at 18, buried 17th April, 1734.
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" Elizabeth, Lady Newdigate, buried 20th September, 1765.
" Sir Roger Newdigate, Bart., in his 88th year, buried 5th
December, 1806, and many others of this family.
" Thomas Cooke, buried 13th November, 1729 ; Mary Cooke,
buried 5th July, 1731 ; George Cooke, Esq., buried 17th June,
1768; Thomas Cooke, buried 29th July, 1772; George John
Cooke, Esq., buried 29th May, 1785.
" George, son of George and Penelope Cooke, bapt. 26th August,
1766, became General in the Army, K.C.B., etc., buried at Harefield,
February, 1837. Kitty, daughter of George Cooke and Penelope,
baptised at Uxbridge 5th March, 1768, having married (1796) James
Trebeck, Esq., and dying in 1847, aged 79 years, was buried at
Harefield.
" Penelope Anne, daughter of George and Penelope Cooke, born
14th February, baptised 4th March, 1770.
" Edward, son of George John and Penelope Cooke, baptised
in St. Alban's Street, 6th May, 1772.
" Elizabeth, daughter of George John and Penelope, baptised
4th December, 1778.
" Maria, daughter of George John and Penelope, baptised 24th
December, 1781.
" Henry Frederick, son of George John and Penelope Cooke,
born 13th April, 1783, became Major-General in the Army, K.C.H.,
etc., buried at Harefield, March, 1837.
" Mrs. Partridge, (Anne Catherine Drake,) buried 27th June,
1855, aged 67 years.
" Joseph Ashby Partridge, buried 17th April, 1857, aged 82.
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" Peter Beasly, a black belonging to Edward Jennings, Esq.,
supposed to be about 18 years old, was baptised 9th June 1767.
" Mary, daughter of Christopher and Nanny Baynes, born 19th
July, in the Parish of Amersham, baptised 10th August, 1791.
" Donald Christopher, son of Sir Christopher Baynes, Bart, and
Nanny his wife, born 2nd June, 1807.
" William Grady, son of Bichard Aylmer Haly and Amelia
his wife, born 2nd January, 1811.
" Charles Molloy, Esq., of East Greenwich, married by licence
to Ellen Cooke, of Cranbrook, Kent, 8th June, 1742.
" 1612 Wood did penance by order of the Countess of
Derby's Chancellor, 29th April.
" The 22nd July, 1624, married The Earl of Castlehaven and
Anne Lady Chandos. This Lord Castlehaven was beheaded on
Tower Hill, 14th May, 1631. The Countess was buried atHarefield,
11th October, 1647.
" Mr. Hugh Caufley (the name here meant is Calverley, he was
afterwards Sir Hugh) and the Lady Elizabeth Hastings, (daughter of
Lord Huntingdon and Lady Elizabeth Stanley) married 10th April,
1634.
" Francis, daughter of the Eight Honourable George Lord
Chandos, baptised 14th January, 1650, and Elizabeth, 26th March,
1651. *
" The Bight Honourable the Lady Chandos (daughter of the
Earl of Manchester) buried 20th April, 1652.
" William Bridges, Esq., only son of William Lord Chandos,
buried 24th January, 1671.
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" The wife of the Eight Honourable William Lord Chandos,
(and daughter and co-heir of Garret Keane), buried 15th October,
1672.
" William, 7th Lord Chandos, buried 22nd August, 1676, This
Nobleman who had been Ambassador at Constantinople, left no
surviving issue. His title went to James Biydges, whose son was
created Duke of Chandos.
" The Eight Honourable the Countess of Egremont, buried 20th
June, aged 65 years, she was only daughter of George, Lord Car-
penter, and relict of Charles, Earl of Egremont, who died 1763, and
at the time of her death, wife of his Excellency Count Bruhl, the
Envoy from Saxony, who had a Villa at Harefield, where he erected an
observatory for carrying on his astronomical pursuits ; he died in
Essex, 30th June, 1809, aged 72 years, and was buried in the Church
at Harefield. The house he resided in, now called Harefield House,
belongs to Sir John Byles, one of the Justices of Common Pleas,
who purchased it in 1859/'
The following is a List of Incumbents or Curates of Harefield :
The Reverend — Furnace
„ Hudson
„ Pritchett, 1643 to 1672, when he became
Bishop of Gloucester ,
„ Hoare, 1649, put in by the Parliament
„ Hall
„ John Baldwin, died 1673, buried at Harefield
„. Roger Davis, living 1678
„ Little
7
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The Reverend — Clark
„ Farmborough
„ Aubrey
„ Warner
„ Morland
„ N. Collier, 1719
„ Marshall
Che Reverend Lewis Fenton, (surrogate) 1743 to 1756
»
Edward Wilson, (curate)
1743 to 1756
•i
W. Williams
1758 to 1801
»
Henry Wentoun (curate)
1802 to 1803
91
S. Barnard
1804
19
John Penrose
1809
99
Godfrey Faussett (curate)
1819
V
Rowlatt „
W
Smith „
99
Greenlow „
99
Percival „
9>
John Lightfoot, B.D., obiit 1863
»*
R. Collins
>$
A. A. Harland, 1870
99
S. Ranson, (curate) 1872
The 51 of George III, (1810-11) an Act was passed for the
inclosure of all the Common, Moor, and Waste Land in the Parish,
amounting to 650 acres, and John Tnunper was appointed to allot
the same. His award is dated 24th December, 54 George III, (1813)
which with the map attached is now kept in the Church chest.
He first stated what roads, footpaths, and ponds were to remain
public for ever. He then awarded a plot of the Common, containing
20 acres or thereabouts, as freehold to the Churchwardens and
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overseers in Trust for the poor for ever, in lieu of the fdrze and bushes
they had heretofore been entitled to cut on the Common for fuel He
also set apart another piece of Common, containing 5J acres to
supply the Parish with Gravel, and another piece of 4 acres for a
cricket ground and other recreations of the Parishioners, and he
then awarded the rest of the land to the different Landowners.
He goes on to recite, that power by the said Act is given to the
Commissioner to Infranchise, if so required, any of the Messuages,
Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments whatsoever, holden of the
Manors of Harefield and Morehall, " and the Commissioner shall
assign, allot, and appoint for the Lord of the Manor such parts,
shares, or proportions of the said Messuages, Land and Tenements
so to be enfranchised and exonerated from all payments whatsoever,
as in his, the Commissioner's judgment, should be a full equivalent
and compensation for all fines, Heriots, Beliefs, Services, Customs,
Bights, Claims, and demands whatsoever of the said Lord."
Many of the Copyholders took advantage of this Act, and
demanded that their Copyholds should be Infranchised, and amongst
them were General Sir George Cooke of Harefield Park, and B. G.
Spedding, Esq. of Weybeards ; accordingly eight plots of Common,
previously allotted to Sir George Cooke, amounting to 19 a l r 17 p were
awarded to the Lord of the Manor, and afterwards in the same award
these eight plots were exchanged back again by the guardian of
Charles Newdigate Newdegate, Esq., (a minor, aged 20, the Lord of
the Manor) for a piece of old enclosed meadow containing 13" l r 35 p
being the north part of the Church field. The Commissioner then
declares — " In exercise of the power and authority to me given, I do
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" by this award by and with the consent of Jane Parker of Harefield
" Lodge, Widow, the Mother and Guardian of the person and estate
" of Charles Newdigate Newdegate, Esq., hereby declare all and
" every the Copyhold and customary Freeholds, Lands, Tenements,
" etc., etc., held by George Cooke, Esq., etc., to be henceforth
" enfranchised, freed, exonerated, and for ever discharged of and from
" all fines, Heriots, Beliefs, Bents, Customs, and Levies, which might
" at any time hereafter become due :"
The same was done with respect to a property called Weybeards,
for which 5 acres of old Meadow land was given, being a plot in the
Church field south of the Church, and several other proprietors In-
franchised their land in the same way, so that the greater part of the
Parish became freehold.
Under the provisions of the Harefield Inclosure Act and by
the award 24th December, 53 George III, (1812), a piece of Land
containing 10 perches (No. CXV. on the award map) lying in the
Village Street of Harefield, was sold by the Commissioner for the
sum of £7 10s. to Mrs. Jane Parker of Harefield Lodge, Widow ;
Bev. John Penrose* of Harefield aforesaid, Clerk ; Joseph Ashby
Partridge, Esq., of Breakspear ; George Cooke, of Harefield Park,
Major General in the Army ; Richard Aylmer Haly, Esq., of Hare-
field Grove, Major in the Army ; Bobert George Spedding, of Hare-
field, Esq., their heirs and assigns, for the purpose of erecting a
School and Premises thereon.
In the year 1858, Mr. Newdigate, the Lord of the Manor, being
desirous of improving the School, applied to the Bev. Mr. Penrose,
the sole survivor of the original purchasers of the small piece of land,
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to co-operate with him in carrying out such a desire, which Mr.
Penrose willingly consented to do, Mr. Newdegate giving another
small piece of land containing about 1' 21 p (and marked No. CXLIII
on the award map), as a playground for the said School.
Mr. Penrose and Mr. Newdegate by a deed dated 13th November,
1858, respectively conveyed the two aforesaid pieces of Land to the
Minister and Churchwardens of Harefield upon Trust, to permit the
said premises to be used as a school for the education of the children
v* of the labouring, manufacturing, and poorer classes of the inhabitants
of the Parish of Harefield, in the Laws of God ; and in the true pro-
fession of the Gospel and its doctrines and duties according to the
Protestant Reformed Religion as set forth in the Creeds and Articles
of the United Church of England and Ireland as now (1858) by law
Established; and in elementary or primary secular knowledge
adapted to the general condition and requirements of such children.
And also after school hours for the education and instruction of the
Poor of the Parish by Evening Lectures. And for the purpose of a
Reading Room, or for the purpose of innocent recreation, or for any
other purpose not inconsistent with the before-mentioned purposes,
and being for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Parish of Harefield,
and sanctioned by and under the supervision and control of the
Managing Committee, and also for the Residence of the Schoolmaster
and Schoolmistress, and also for other purposes of the school, but for
no other purposes whatsoever. And upon further Trust, that such
School and Premises and the Funds and Endowments thereof, in
respect whereof no other disposition shall be made by the Donor,
shall be controlled and managed as follows, viz : — The Principal
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officiating Minister of the Parish shall have the direction and super-
intendence of the Religious and moral instruction of all the scholars,
and shall have power to use the School and Premises or permit the same
to be used for the purposes of a Sunday School under his exclusive
control and management. But in all other respects the control and
management of the School and Premises, Funds and Endowments,
and the selection, appointment, and dismissal of the Schoolmaster
and Mistress, and assistants (except in cases particularly mentioned in
the Trust deed) shall be vested in a Committee consisting of the
principal officiating Minister of the Parish, his present Curate, any
such future Curate or Curates, if the Minister shall appoint him or
them to be a member or members of the Committee ; the said John
Penrose, and after his decease, his son Francis Cranmer Penrose, Esq.,
such of the Churchwardens of Harefield, such of the owners of
Harefield Place, Harefield Park, Harefield Grove, and Breakspear
Estates, as shall be members of the United Church of England and
Ireland, and five other persons and no more, being and continuing to
be, contributors annually to the amount of twenty shillings each to the
Funds of the School, and being and continuing to be members of
the United Church of England and Ireland as by law established,
and either having a beneficial interest to the extent of a life estate
at the least in real property in the said Parish, or being resident
therein. Any vacancies to be filled up, as set forth in the Trust deed.
A declaration that the Master, Mistress, Assistants, and Teachers
must be members of the Church of England. Provided that the right
of appointment and dismissal of Master, Mistress, Assistants, and
Teachers is vested in Mr. Newdigatefor life, unless he shall otherwise
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direct, and afterwards the appointment and dismissal shall not be con-
trary to the written desire of the future owners of Harejield Place.
There are also directions for the settlement of any difference of
opinion between the Ministers and the Committee respecting the
prayers, the religious instruction, the books, or dismissal of the Master,
etc., on account of unsound instruction in religion : and also in respect
of other differences in the Committee of Management, or between the
Committee and the owner of the Harejield Place Estate. Also a
Declaration that if the Bishop or Arbitrator in the cases referred to
them shall direct the dismissal of any Master, Mistress, Assistant, or
Teacher, such direction shall operate as a dismissal.
The School therefore is a private Denominational School, entirely
supported by voluntary subscriptions and the children's pence, and
these having lately fallen off, the School for the last three years has
been gradually getting into debt.
There are about 90 boys on the books, of whom 60 attend regularly.
„ 80 girls „ 55 „
There is also an Evening Class attended by about 15.
The Funds for the support of the School average as follows : —
Subscriptions £70 0]
Boys' pence 21 > £111
Girls' pence 20 o)
The yearly expences of the School amounting to about £150.
The Committee of the School and the majority of the subscribers,
of which there were only 35 out of the 140 rate-payers, considering
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that the Teachers ought to be certificated, the Schoolmaster passed
his examination for that purpose in December 1871; and this will in
future entitle the School to some Parliamentary Grant, if found
efficient by the Government Inspector at his yearly examination.
The Schoolmistress is still uncertificated.
I cannot bat think that in a Parish like Harefield, where the
Properties are so divided, and the subscribers to the School only
amount to 35 out of the 140 rate-payers, that it would be advisable
to transfer the present voluntary School to the Bating System with a
School Board and compulsory attendance, enforced under such regu-
lations as Parliament may see fit to adopt; excepting that on
Sundays, the School house and Premises should be reserved for the
Sunday School, to be entirely under the direction and control of the
Vicar of the Parish. By this plan every rate-payer would be obliged
to pay towards the support of the School in proportion to his property
in the Parish.
In 1871, an Infant School was established, to be entirely under
the superintendance and control of the Vicar of the Parish, quite
distinct from the Church of England School just mentioned. A good
infant School Mistress was soon obtained, who passed her examina-
tion for a Government certificate in December 1871. In a very
short time there were about 60 children, all under seven years of age,
who attended regularly. The School is at present held by permission
of Miss Barnes in one of the rooms of the building erected by the
late Robert Barnes, Esq., as a memorial of his son who died while a
student at Oxford in 1864. It was intended to be for a Beading Boom
free for all Parishioners, and on the first floor is a very large lecture
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Boom. During Mr. Barnes* residence at Harefield, all the expence
of this Reading and Lecture Room, about £60 a year, was paid by
him, this included the purchase of papers and periodicals, lighting,
etc. ; but since he sold his property (Harefield Grove) and left the
Parish, it has been but little used ; There is no endowment, and
the Reading Room being free, there are no funds for its support.
In 1869, Mr. Barnes offered to make over this Memorial Building
to Trustees for the use of the Parish, under certain conditions, which
having been duly considered by those Trustees (proposed by Mr.
Barnes) who resided in the Parish, they decided that, until they could
see some way by which the expences of such a building could be met,
they regretted to be obliged to decline the responsibility of the Trust.
Mr. Barnes, during his few years residence at Harefield, built a
very pretty chapel, which he afterwards made over to the Wesleyans.
There was at that time but one Wesleyan family in the Parish.
BENEFACTIONS.
The Alms Houses were built by Alice, Countess of Derby, who
died in 1637, and left by will a charge upon her Estate of £S6 a
year for their support, viz. : £5 a year to each of six poor women
residing therein ; £1 a year .for repairs, and £5 a year for the
Minister to read prayers to them.
In 1622, (Lysons says,) Mrs. Ashby gave JE40 to the poor's stock.
8
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In 1664, Mrs. Mary Ashby gave JBIOO to the poor.
In 1706, Mrs. Baldwin gave £20, the Interest of which was
annually to be divided between six poor widows not receiving alms,
and who constantly attended Church. These several sums were laid
out in the purchase of Tithes, and in 1845, on the commutation of
Tithes in the Parish of Harefield, the Commissioners awarded to the
Poor a Bent Charge in lieu of Tithe from certain Lands, namely :
From a portion of the Harefield Park Estate £12 2 \
Woodcock's Hill part of the Harefield Grove
J2iStai6*«« ••• ••• ••• ••• •«• ••• ... O li vr
Half of Ashards or Hawkshead 1 2 6 '
In 1697, Mr. Solomon Burbury left by will a Messuage and
several pieces of Meadow Land (copyhold) which, with a small
piece allotted to this plot at the inclosure of the Common in 1813,
now contains 13° 3 r 10* and which pays Tithe to the owner of
the Breakspear Estate of £3 10s. 6d., according to the award of
1845. This Messuage and Land was let in 1866 for fourteen
years to Mr. Campion, at the yearly rent of
In 1795, Mrs. Charlotte Williams (daughter of William Ashby,
Esq.,) left by will £600, three per cents, reduced, (the interest
of which was to be distributed as follows : — )
Half a quartern loaf a week from 25th March to 29th Septem-
ber, and two half quartern loaves a week from the 29th Septem-
ber to the 25th March, to each of the old women in the Alms
Houses, and the surplus to be given to the poor generally in
Bread.
d.
17 1 6
52
18
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The Bishop of London, and the Clergymen of the Parish, and
the Churchwardens were named Trustees.
In 1813, at the Ineksure of the Common, a piece of Land,
about 20 acres, was appropriated to the poor not receiving alms,
as freehold in lieu of their right to cut furze and bushes on the
Common for fuel, and at the same time 1 B 3 r 15* of Copyhold
Land was added to it as their share of the Inclosure compensation.
It is now thrown into one field containing 22 a r 1 l p , and was
let in 1866 for fourteen years, for 60
In 1858, Mr. Henry Goodman left by will £265 16s 4d consols,
the interest to be laid out every Christmas in plums, flour, and
beer, to be distributed by the Overseers of the poor of Harefield 7 19 4
In 1868, Mr. Ashford (formerly a confidential servant to Sir
Christopher Baynes, Bart, of Harefield Place) left by will £600
Consols. The interest to be expended each year in clothing, food,
and fuel, for the Aged poor of Harefield ... 18
There is also a Clothing Club managed by the Vicar, to which
the cottagers pay in, a small sum, weekly or monthly, according
to their means, and to which many of the residents in the Parish
contribute. These contributions average about £18 a year. A
portion of which is added to each Cottager's subscription,
according to what he has paid in himself, and is expended in
blankets, clothing, or what may be permanently useful.
There is, therefore, about £1 90 a year settled upon the poor of
the Parish (in addition to the £36 a year, left by Lady Derby, to
support the Alms Houses). Besides the foregoing sums, the Offer-
tory for the year 1871 amounted to £23 12s 4d, of which £22 Is 2d
was distributed amongst the poor.
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According to the Ordnance Survey of England on the scale of ^ or
25*344 inches to a mile, (Middlesex being completed in 1864.)
The Parish of Harefield contains 4,620 # 3 r 7*, viz. :—
Pasture and Meadow ...
.cxraoie ••• ••• ••• •••
Woods • •
Sites of Houses, Cottages, etc.
Water and Ponds
Public Roads
Divided as follows, (1871) by Estimation.
cret
r. p.
087
28
947
2
349
2 9
84
1 16
78
3
74
31
4620 3 7
♦Harefield Place, Charles Newdigate Newdegate, Esq., about ... 1,266
♦Harefield Park, William Frederick Vernon, Esq 872
♦Breakspear, William Wickham Drake, Esq., 833
Broadwater and other farms, N. G. Lambert, Esq 270
♦Harefield Grove, Joseph Boord, Esq 254
Swakeley's Farm, etc., etc., J. T. Clarke, Esq 180
Lodge Farm, late Sir P. Turner 102
Noak's or Spring Farm, Mr. R. Brownie 85
St. Thomas' Hospital • • 75
♦Harefield House, Sir J. B. Byles, Knt„ Judge of Common Pleas 20
xv. Arden, xi<sq. ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• lo
Lord Ebury 22
Lady Emily Drummond ... 13
Grand Junction Canal Company 22
♦Somerville Lodge, late R. Sawyer, Esq., 9
Land in Trust for the poor .... 36
Cottages, Gardens, and other small owners 392
River and Ponds 78". Public Roads 74* 152
Total 4,621
Of the above Landowners, those marked with an (♦) subscribe to the
Village School, or to the Infant School.
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The number of Houses in the Parish by Census, 1871, were
347, namely : —
1 Church
1 Wesleyan Chapel
1 Baptist Chapel
1 Church of England Village School
1 Memorial Building (belonging to Miss Barnes)
used as a Lecture Boom, Reading Room, and
Infant School.
1 Police Station
9 Gentlemen's Houses
16 Farm Houses
1 Paper Mill
1 Flour Mill
5 Public Houses
9 Beer Houses
300 Cottages and other small Houses, of which 17
were empty at the time the Census was taken
347
Population, according to Census, 1861 1567
Males. Females.
Ditto Ditto 1871 801 778 1579
Gross valuation for Poors Kate, £9,800, and after allowed de-
ductions, £8,800 per annum.
In 1871, there were 140 Rate Payers to the Poor Rate, and a
Kate of Id. in the pound produced £36 13s 4d.
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Table of the mean Temperature by day and by night of the six
Winter and six Summer months of each year since 1861. Also of the
number of days on which it rained or snowed, and the number of days
of easterly wind in each year. Also the quantity of rain that fell
each year since 1865.
Taken at Harefield Park, 290 feet above the level of the sea.
Winter Months,
Jul, Feb., March,
and
Oct, Mot., Daft
Summer Months
April, May, June.
July, August, Sept
Mean
average
of the
whole year.
No. of
Dap
East Wind
Na of
Days of
Rain or
Snow.
Quantity of
Rain
each Year.
DAT. KlGHT.
Day. Night.
1862
4516
37-33
60-50
4850
47-88
114
155
... 1863
47-
38-
51-50
41-
44-37
84
151
; ; 1864
43-16
34-33
61-50
49-01
47"
173
124
1865
4316
35-66
63-66
50-
48-12
149
144
1866
46-66
37-80
61-80
50-66
49-25
113
174
25-78
1867
4580
36-75
62-50
52-50
48-89
120
147
2500
1868
48-
40*
6616
53-
51-79
112
109
2600
1869
46-25
38-
63-
5116
4960
136
119
25-69
1870
42-66
34-
6425
50-50
47-86
152
125
20-27
, 1871
44-
34-
62-33
49-80
47-28
148
135
22-51
Average fro
Harefield
level of tl
m the 1
Park,
te Sea
previ
290 fet
ous yea
it abov
rs at~\
e thei.
48-20
130
138
24-21
Mean Temperature for the whole year, as given by the Greenwich
Tables for fifty years, averages 48-89.
THE END.
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